The image of wine bottles slumbering horizontally in a cellar is iconic. But why is wine stored on its side? It's not just for aesthetics; it's a crucial practice for maintaining the quality and longevity of the wine. This practice primarily revolves around keeping the cork moist. Let's delve into the details.
Why Does Wine Need to Be Stored on Its Side?
The main reason for storing wine horizontally is to keep the cork moist. Wine corks are made from compressed bark, and if they dry out, they can shrink. This shrinkage creates an air gap between the cork and the glass bottle, allowing oxygen to enter. Oxygen is the enemy of wine, as it can lead to oxidation, causing the wine to spoil and lose its flavor and aroma. By keeping the cork moist, it remains pliable and airtight, protecting the precious liquid within.
What Happens if Wine Is Stored Upright?
Storing wine upright for extended periods can cause the cork to dry out, leading to several problems:
- Oxidation: As mentioned earlier, oxygen exposure is detrimental to wine quality. A dried-out cork allows oxygen to seep into the bottle, accelerating oxidation and spoiling the wine.
- Cork Taint (TCA): While less common, a dry cork is more susceptible to TCA (2,4,6-trichloroanisole), a chemical compound that can impart a musty or moldy odor to wine, rendering it unpleasant to drink.
- Wine Leakage: In extreme cases, a completely dried-out cork can crumble or shrink significantly, potentially allowing wine to leak out of the bottle.
Does All Wine Need to Be Stored on Its Side?
While horizontal storage is generally recommended for corked bottles, particularly for long-term aging, there are exceptions:
- Screw-cap bottles: Wines sealed with screw caps don't require side storage, as they are airtight and don't rely on a cork to maintain a seal.
- Short-term storage: If you plan to drink a bottle of wine within a few weeks or months, storing it upright might not significantly impact its quality.
- Synthetic corks: These are less susceptible to drying out than natural corks, but horizontal storage is still beneficial for optimal preservation.
How Should I Store Wine at Home?
If you're a wine enthusiast storing wine at home, aiming for consistent cool, dark conditions is key. The ideal temperature for wine storage is between 55 and 60°F (13-16°C). Avoid direct sunlight, extreme temperature fluctuations, and vibrations. A wine rack designed for horizontal storage will be the best option.
What if My Wine is Already Stored Upright?
If your wine has been stored upright for a while and the cork appears dry, it doesn't automatically mean the wine is ruined. However, it's best to consume it sooner rather than later to minimize the risk of oxidation. Check for any noticeable off-odors or tastes before drinking.
Conclusion
Storing wine on its side is a centuries-old practice that's crucial for maintaining the quality and longevity of wine sealed with natural corks. By keeping the cork moist, you prevent oxygen from entering and spoiling the precious contents. While there are exceptions, understanding the reasoning behind this practice helps any wine enthusiast better care for their collection.
